Confucianism And Taoism A Common Thread That Is Observed...

A common thread that is observed within East Asian religions is that there is an ideal or higher path that one can follow to attain their spiritual goals within their lifetime. The three popular religions in China, which are Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism greatly emphasized these ideal paths since direct effect of following these paths would bring harmony and structure to the society. Confucianism, a highly philosophical notion centered around the harmony in the society through the utilization of morals and knowledge, introduced the Gentleman. The anti-Confucian reaction known as Taoism, which places an strong emphasizes understanding the Elemental nature of the way through passive nature and mystical communism with the dao introduced the Sage. The third religion, Buddhism, particularly, the Mahayana sect introduced the Bodhivisattia pathway, which highlights the importance of generosity and merit. Since these Taoism was built up the reaction of the Confucian religion and Buddhism in reaction to both Confucianism and Taoism, there are many differences in terms of prioritization either socially or spiritually, acquisition in the type and amount of knowledge and the proper training ground in achieving the final, ideal state. However, these three religions share a common ideology which is to bring out the good within society and within the individual. The ideology of the Confucian man can be perceived as â€Å" The Master said, A gentleman in his dealing with the world hasShow MoreRelatedThe Jade Pendant5982 Words   |  24 PagesSingapore Short story written in English after which it examines the development of the genre through its first decade dating from 1978 and subsequently, the next ten years to the present. The Short Story in Singapore Singapore is a cosmopolitan Asian city, unique in that there are four major language groups promoted by the government. From the very beginning, English was chosen as the language of government, law and social discourse. Being the native language of none of the ethnic groups, its choiceRead MoreComparative Study of Pakistan Chinese Cultures13385 Words   |  54 Pagescivilizations. The ideology, ethics and living styles are compared with some examples and details. The architecture, food, arts and crafts, religion, education and festivals are elaborated in write detail to get the list of both cultures and to figure out the difference between two friendly boarder countries. It has been found that both courtiers have different religion ideologies and living styles but both share the same shades of love, harmony and respect for the elders. School of Management Northwestern

Advantages and Disadvantages of Electronic Medical Records

Introduction: There are many functions associated with patient health records. Not only is the record used to document patient care, but the record is also used for financial and legal information, and research and quality improvement purposes. Because all this information must be shared among many professionals who constitute the ‘healthcare team’† (Young 92), and there continue to be problems with the paper health record, it is becoming more apparent that developing an automated health record is very important. The electronic health record (EHR) provides the opportunity for healthcare organizations to improve quality of care and patient safety. â€Å"The greatest challenge in the new world of integrated healthcare delivery is to provide†¦show more content†¦An EHR can decrease charting time and charting errors, therefore increasing the productivity of healthcare workers and decreasing medical errors due to illegible notes. â€Å"Reduction of medical errors is the concern of the public at large, state legislators, healthcare providers, and many other health professionals† (Waegemann et al. 11). There have been numerous stories about fatal mistakes occurring because of illegible notes written by physicians. EHRs â€Å"address a problem that has plagued medical staff very possibly since the first doctor put pencil to paper [...] (Dobias 3). Since â€Å"handwriting is instinctive, and therefore difficult to change† (Dobias 3) automated systems can help eliminate this pr oblem. Although some systems may seem costly, the gains in efficiency far offset the costs. Chart chasing is eliminated, as is duplicate data entry of the same information on multiple forms. â€Å"Highly paid, skilled clinicians no longer are delayed by the search for elusive paper charts, and usable outcome information becomes available without several days of data compilation† (Wellen, Bouchard, and Houston 3). Financially, the EHR will provide more accurate billing information and will allow the providers of care to submit their claims electronically, therefore receiving payment quicker. The patient is even happier, because previous information is available so the patient does not have to continue to provide theShow MoreRelatedAdvantages and Disadvantages of Using Electronic Medical Records1237 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Electronic Medical Records: Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) are computerized clinical records that are created in care delivery organizations like hospitals and physicians offices. Since their discovery, electronic medical records have been increasingly used by primary care physicians as a way to effectively manage the huge number of patient information. Many physicians and hospital staffs have stated that the EMR systems have had a huge impact on their management of patients records and theirRead MoreElectronic Medical And Health Records Essay1681 Words   |  7 Pages Electronic Medical and Health Records: The Future of Healthcare Nursing Informatics Seanequa Morrison Dr. Gwen Morse November 22, 2016 Abstract Electronic medical records often used interchangeably with the term electronic health records are potential systems that are being used to not only transform the way healthcare is being delivered, but to promote the quality of care of patients while creating less medical errors. In recent years electronic health records (EHR) has evolved its conceptRead MoreElectronic Health Records And The Healthcare Field946 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The major change from traditional systems to electronic record systems in the healthcare field within the last couple decades has made a huge impact. Patient records, risk management, planning, staff, and more in the organization are affected by the IT staff. â€Å"The penetration of Internet access, mobile technologies and social networks collectively offer a future in which it is possible to deliver highly personalized care without necessarily having to do it in person, or even with aRead MoreConversion to Electronic Health Records Essay1039 Words   |  5 PagesWhat an exciting time to become part of the health care industry! Medical research makes new discoveries to improve the quality of patient care and save lives on a daily basis. Health care reform is gaining momentum, revolutionizing the industry and requiring many administrative changes, such as the creation of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA). Rules and standards evolved from this act provide a way to ensure your protected health information remains confidentialRead MoreHealthcare Insurance Portability And Accountability Act Essay1353 Words   |  6 Pagespurposes which were enacted in stages. This law provides the ability to continue health insurance for American employees when they change or lose their jobs. This law also mandated a healthcare industry wide standard for health care information on electronic billing. HIPAA is also known for the protection and confidential handling standards of protected health information. The HIPAA law has two main portions: portability and accountability. The portability section of this law enables workers to continueRead MoreElectronic Medical Records (Ems) Is A Digital Version Of870 Words   |  4 PagesElectronic Medical Records (EMS) is a digital version of the paper charts in the clinical office, the EMR contains the medical and history of the patient also allows us to track data over time, monitor and improve overall quality of care within the practice such as blood pressure and vaccinations, therefore the patients record may be printed out and delivered by mail to a specialist or members of the care team. Electronic Health Record (EHR) are designed to collect and compile all information toRead MoreResearch on Technology in the Medical Field1487 Words   |  6 PagesResearch on Technology in the Medical Field Certain types of technology have the potential to be very beneficial to the medical field. There are a few types of technology that may be particularly beneficial to medicine such as 3D printing, electronic health records, and robotic surgery. 3D printing can change medicine by being able to print bones, organs, and custom hearing aids. Electronic health records make medical information more available to patients and make it easier for doctors and nursesRead MoreThe Healthcare Insurance Portability And Accountability Act ( Hipaa ) Essay1353 Words   |  6 Pagestherefore, was carried out in various stages. This law provides the ability to continue health insurance for American employees when they change or lose their jobs. This law also mandated an industry-wide standard for health care information on electronic billing. Also, HIPAA has made standards for the protection and confidential handling of protected health information. The HIPAA law has two main portions: portability and accountability. The portability portion of this law enables workers toRead MoreSoftware for Human Services1121 Words   |  5 Pagesproducts. Electronic Health Record or (EHR) is one of the software programs that are used by Southern Nevada Adult Mental Health Services. This software is designed to be shared with several different health care providers or settings. The Electronic Health Record software is an electronic collection of systematic health information about a certain population or client. Using Electronic Health Record software will be the digital backup version for a client’s paper chart. Electronic Health Record systemsRead MoreSystem For Financially Penalizing Providers That Do Not Comply With The New Requirements954 Words   |  4 Pagesthe relevant literature indicates, electronic health records will have man consequences not only for health care providers and their staffs but also for patients and their family members, insurance companies, IT developers, and others. Information on these consequences was gathered from peer-reviewed publications as well other reputable academic, medical, and media sources. In examining the information, it is evident that there are both advantages and disadvantages in the changes that have already

MBA sem 1 free essay sample

Parts of vision statement 1. The core values are those things very close to your heart that you will not give up at any cost. It can be integrity (for example, I will never cheat on the taxes I have to pay) or quality (I will never use a lower quality wood), etc. Usually we say that you should have only 4 to 6 core values. Of course, personal values and business values may differ. For example, love may be a very important personal value but it may not be so relevant in your business of furniture though it can be relevant if you were having a home for the aged. 2. Core purpose is the purpose of the organization, for example, to make furniture. This is something that you want to achieve within the framework of our core values. It gives the achievement orientation to the business and therefore the focus. When we get an opportunity to expand or sell off and if we are in a decision dilemma, this acts as another light house. we can provide u Fall 2013 fully solved assignment in rs 500/sem . you can make 5 installment of 100-100 rupees thats proof we are not fake. and we have different set of assignment for many student so. smu mba assignment Fall/summer season 2013 sem (I , II , III , IV) in only 500/ sem ( 6 sub) or 100/ question paper. we provide unique assignment. our assignment provide you good marks. call us 08273413412 , 08791490301 or mail us on [emailprotected] web- www.aapkiseva.blogspot.in www.assignmenthelpforall.blogspot.in (b) Differentiate between ‘process’ and ‘tasks’ (Parts of vision statement, Difference between process and tasks) Answer: Processes Process is a set of logical activities that lead to some final or interim output. For example, taking pieces of wood, making it smooth, cutting it, making grooves, connecting them, finishing them, and polishing them are processes to create a table. These have to be done in some logical sequence. This is what a process is. Let us now look at we can provide u Fall 2013 fully solved assignment in rs 500/sem . you can make 5 installment of 100-100 rupees thats proof we are not fake. and we have different set of assignment for many student so. smu mba assignment Fall/summer season 2013 sem (I , II , III , IV) in only 500/ sem ( 6 sub) or 100/ question paper. we provide unique assignment. our assignment provide you good marks. call us 08273413412 , 08791490301 or mail us on [emailprotected] web- www.aapkiseva.blogspot.in www.assignmenthelpforall.blogspot.in Q2. Planning is called as the cornerstone of management. Define planning and describe the importance of planning. Explain the types of planning. (Definition of planning, Importance of planning, Types of planning) 2,3,5 Answer: Definition and Importance of Planning Planning can be defined as a basic management function which enables one to select the purpose of the business, and how the resources should be mustered to achieve that purpose to include using the available resources optimally to do that. Planning implies goal setting for the organization keeping in mind the constraints, opportunities, and threats as much as what the person or business which is planning wants to do. Thus, a plan is a blueprint for goal achievement, a blue print that specifies the necessary resource allocations, schedules, tasks, and other actions to achieve the purpose. A goal is a desired future state that the organization attempts to reach. Goals are important because an organization exists for a purpose, and goals define and state that purpose. Goals specify future ends; plans we can provide u Fall 2013 fully solved assignment in rs 500/sem . you can make 5 installment of 100-100 rupees thats proof we are not fake. and we hav e different set of assignment for many student so. smu mba assignment Fall/summer season 2013 sem (I , II , III , IV) in only 500/ sem ( 6 sub) or 100/ question paper. we provide unique assignment. our assignment provide you good marks. call us 08273413412 , 08791490301 or mail us on [emailprotected] web- www.aapkiseva.blogspot.in www.assignmenthelpforall.blogspot.in Q3. What is meant by ‘span of control’? Differentiate between narrow span of control and wide span of control. What are the factors that influence the span of control? (Meaning of ‘span of control’ ,Difference between narrow span of control and wide span of control, Factors that influence the span of control) 2,3,5 Answer: Span of control The number of subordinates that a manager or supervisor can directly control. This number varies with the type of work: complex, variable work reduces it to six, whereas routine, fixed work increases it to twenty or more. we can provide u Fall 2013 fully solved assignment in rs 500/sem . you can make 5 installment of 100-100 rupees thats proof we are not fake. and we have different set of assignment for many student so. smu mba assignment Fall/summer season 2013 sem (I , II , III , IV) in only 500/ sem ( 6 sub) or 100/ question paper. we provide unique assignment. our assignment provide you good marks. call us 08273413412 , 08791490301 or mail us on [emailprotected] web- www.aapkiseva.blogspot.in www.assignmenthelpforall.blogspot.in Q4 Define Organizational behavior. What are the various approaches to Organizational behavior? (Definition of OB, Approaches to OB) 2, 8 Answer: Definition of OB: OB can be defined as a systematic study that investigates the impact of individuals, groups and organizational factors on productivity to include effectiveness and efficiency, absentee, turnover, organizational citizenship behavior and job satisfaction. ï‚ · By systematic study we mean looking at relationships and attempting to attribute causes and effects, and drawing conclusions based on scientific evidence. ï‚ · By productivity we mean a performance measure that includes both effectiveness (achievement of goals) and efficiency (ratio on output versus input required to achieve it). ï‚ · By absenteeism we mean failure to report to work especially without informing. ï‚ · we can provide u Fall 2013 fully solved assignm ent in rs 500/sem . you can make 5 installment of 100-100 rupees thats proof we are not fake. and we have different set of assignment for many student so. smu mba assignment Fall/summer season 2013 sem (I , II , III , IV) in only 500/ sem ( 6 sub) or 100/ question paper. we provide unique assignment. our assignment provide you good marks. call us 08273413412 , 08791490301 or ï‚ · mail us on [emailprotected] ï‚ · web- www.aapkiseva.blogspot.in ï‚ · www.assignmenthelpforall.blogspot.in a whole is to function effectively. Q5. Perception is the way we see and interpret things. Explain the importance of such ‘perception’. What are the factors affecting perception? (Importance of perception, Factors affecting perception) 4,6 Answer: Importance of perception Perception is perhaps the most important aspect of OB that we use in our daily life and in management. The importance of perception is: ï‚ · While creating vision for an organization, our perception of the future and the way things should be is a deciding factor. ï‚ · While making strategy, out perception of the opportunities and threats make us see the same situation differently. ï‚ · Perception gives the impetus to seek more information to make more rational decisions e.g., the perception of Rakhi on the situation of the bakery in trouble, made her travel and talk to the employees to gain more information. If she had perceived what the manager did was right or that it is too small a thing to intervene, she would not have made the effort to find out more information. ï‚ · we can provide u Fall 2013 fully solved assignment in rs 500/sem . you can make 5 installment of 100-100 rupees thats proof we are not fake. and we have different set of assignm ent for many student so. smu mba assignment Fall/summer season 2013 sem (I , II , III , IV) in only 500/ sem ( 6 sub) or 100/ question paper. we provide unique assignment. our assignment provide you good marks. call us 08273413412 , 08791490301 or ï‚ · mail us on [emailprotected] ï‚ · web- www.aapkiseva.blogspot.in ï‚ · www.assignmenthelpforall.blogspot.in Q6. Give the definition and importance of ‘motivation’. Describe Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. (Definition of motivation, Importance of motivation, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory) 2,3,5 Answer: Definition and Importance of Motivation Motivation is â€Å"the process that account for an individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal.† (Robbins, 2003) Intensity is concerned with how hard a person tries. This is the element most of us focus on when we talk about motivation. Directionis the orientation that benefits the organization. And persistence is a measure of how long a person can maintain his/her effort. Motivated individuals stay with a task long enough to achieve their goal. Motivation is important to an individual because: ï‚ · Motivation helps to achieve personal goals. ï‚ · Motivation gives job satisfaction. ï‚ · Motivation helps in self-development of individual. ï‚ · An individual would always gain by working with a dynamic team. Collins, James C. and Jerry I. Porras. Built to Last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies. First Paperback Edition. New York: Harper-Collins, 1997. 219-239.

Medical Tourism in India

Question: Discuss about the Medical Tourism in India. Answer: Discussion of Results Discussion on Hypotheses In this particular section of chapter 4, the researcher will mainly argue about all the hypotheses that have already been discussed in chapter 2 under the section of the literature review. Here, the researcher will primarily analyze that the chosen research hypotheses are whether relevant or not to the research topic. H1: India has become more competitive in terms of advance health care service and low cost advantage. For the first hypothesis, it has been discussed earlier that the country India is more competitive in terms of both advanced health care service and low cost advantage. Thus, the null hypothesis has been rejected here for this particular research study. It has been found that in the eastern part of Asia there are various countries such as Korea, Malaysia, Thailand that also provide good quality health care services to the people who visit the respective countries (Kaur 2012). However, as per the literature review or study, it has been noted that the cost for treatment or the price rate for providing the good quality health care service is relatively much less in India than in the other countries in the west like the United States, Costa Rica and Mexico (Vijayanambi and Kannan 2011). Thus, the research analysis in the literature review section indicates that the country India provides advance health care service to the inbound tourists of medical tourism at relatively cheaper cost a nd this acts a competitive advantage for the particular nation. H2: Various important factors help to attract the medical tourists to visit the country India and thus enhance and enriches the medical tourism in India. In this particular case, the second hypothesis i.e. H2 has been accepted and the null hypothesis has been rejected. The reason behind this is that there are several important factors that help the country India to attract more medical tourists and to visit the nation in order to enhance and enrich the medical tourism in India (Love 2012). These various reasons include the cost effectiveness in visiting India for the inbound tourists, the good quality of health care and services are provided in the particular nation, there are availability of various travelling convenience and several methods of treatment (Hall 2011). All these primary factors have boosted the growth of the medical tourism in India. The other factors that also affect the growth of the medical tourism in India include effective treatment for meeting the problems related to reproduction, the official language of the nation is English that also facilitates in easy communication, the affordable and reasonable prices for treatment facilities and availing accommodation also put positive impact on the particular hypothesis (Novikov and Novikov 2013). In addition to this, the mode of treatment is much easier in India. Thus, it can be said that all these factors act as a positive cause for attracting the medical tourists in India. H3: The tourism sector and the health care sector of the country India contribute a huge amount cumulatively to the GDP of the particular country. The third hypothesis is also been accepted and the null hypothesis has been rejected in this particular case. The reason behind this is that it has been founded that there is a booming prospect for the medical tourism industry in India. As per the survey research it has been noted that the Indian market for the inbound tourists is continuously expanding especially in the sector of medical tourism (Gyu 2011). It has been stated in the literature review section that the growth of GDP will take place by 13 % within next six years in the field of medical tourism (Natarajan 2011). Therefore, it can be said that the medical tourism sector and the health care sector of the particular nation India will contribute a huge amount cumulatively to the GDP of the nation (Debata et al. 2011). The other reason behind this growth is the availability of medical treatment in India at extremely lower cost. This factor has lead to the gradual development and growth of this particular industry in India. H4: The government of the country India has adopted various measures in order to improve both the tourism and medical sectors of the nation. The fourth hypothesis can also be accepted and the null hypothesis can be rejected as it has been found that the Government of the country India has adopted various measures with the aim to improve both the tourism and medical sectors of the nation. The government of the nation has reduced the taxation, thus it has encouraged the tourism sector as well as the medical sectors (Crooks et al. 2011). The reduced taxation and charges have encouraged the travel agents to provide accommodation to the inbound tourists at lower cost. The charges for medical treatment have also been reduced in order to occupy the competitive advantage regarding the cost effectiveness (Rudra 2011). Therefore, it can be said that the government of the particular nation has adopted various measures in order to improve both the mentioned sectors of the country. Discussion on Literature Review and Research Results It has been found from the literature review section that there are various factors that boost up the growth of the medical tourism in the country India. These factors are the lower cost of the treatment, the lower cost of the accommodation and food, the lower cost for the travel agents all are considered as the cost effectiveness for the inbound tourists who visit the country India (Solomon 2011). It has also been found that various treatments like the treatments related to reproduction, surgery for knee replacement all are done at relatively lower cost than any other countries like the United States, Korea, Costa Rica, Mexico, Malaysia and Thailand (Chandra and Sharma 2013). In addition to this, the high quality of the health care and services also attract the inbound visitors to India and thus high growth takes place in the medical tourism sector and also in health care and services sector (Supino and Borer 2012). Moreover, the tourism convenience in India is much friendly for t he inbound tourists and there are various methods of treatment that help the people to get well sooner and also at lower cost along with good quality of health care and services (Biddle and Emmett 2013). All these factors are considered as the positive aspect for the growth of the medical tourism in the country India. In India there are availability of various types of treatments like Naturopathy, Ayurveda, Yoga and music and aroma therapy (6 and Bellamy 2012). All these help in enriching and expanding the opportunities of the particular country India in the field of medical tourism. Therefore, it can be said that there are various prospects of medical tourism industry in India. However, it has also been found that the country India also faces various challenges regarding the medical tourism sector though it has a greater opportunity of attracting more inbound tourists (Srivastava 2011). Recommendations Therefore, it can be recommended from the literature review section that the country India should work hard and should take various steps to overcome all the challenges that are faced by the medical tourism sector of the country. Therefore, the government of the particular country should take proper steps such that visas to the country can be obtained easily, fast and at lower expense. It has been found that many tourists have faced various troubles in communicating with the non-medical staffs as they are not well-versed in the English language. This implies that training should be provided to the non-medical staffs especially in the inter-cultural communication skills and also in soft skills with the aim to provide high quality service to the inbound tourists. It has also been noted that the travelers who visit India for the purpose of medical treatment are happy and satisfied with the lower cost of the treatment but often complain about the high accommodation and restaurant costs i n the country. Therefore, the government of the country should look after all these factors such that the continuous growth of the medical tourism can be maintained in the future. Conclusion and Future Work Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that the country India has recently appeared as an important center for medical destination of the inbound tourists who travel from various countries in order to get effective as well as affordable modes of treatment. The country India has the capability of providing both traditional methods of treatment as well as the most specialized and innovative healthcare systems. Thus, the wide variety of methods for treatment of various diseases is available in India and this is the main cause or reason for attracting more travelers to India for treating. This helps in enriching and enhancing the medical tourism sector of the particular country. In addition this, it has been found that the various countries of Asia such as Thailand, Malaysia, Korea and Singapore are also considered as an important destination for medical treatment or medical tourism. However, India wins over all these mentioned countries due to much convenient procedures of treatment and also d ue to lower expenses for treatment. It has been noted that the medical staffs of the particular country possess international expertise, the excellent accommodation and food services and the technologically driven diagnostic care fuel the expansion of this medical tourism sector of India. It has been found that though there are so many positives regarding the medical tourism in India, there are various challenges and issues to this specific sector that can be resolved accurately in order to run the particular sector in a positive direction. Future Work It can be stated that this particular research study will help the researchers in future. As per the research study, it has been found that the health care sector of the country India is currently earning a revenue amount of $ 17 billion and it has been expected that this will grow steadily in the near future. As per the experts and economists, it has been identified that the revenue of the country India will increase by about 13 % in coming six years in the field of medical tourism. Thus, the government of the particular country India should take proper remedial steps in order to overcome all the challenges and issues that are currently facing by the country. This specific research study is much enriched with various current information and data. Thus this research topic and the research study will help the researchers in future to study regarding the particular research topic. References 6, P. and Bellamy, C. (2012).Principles of methodology. London: SAGE. Biddle, J. and Emmett, R. (2013).A research annual. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. Chandra, S. and Sharma, M. (2013).Research methodology. Oxford: Alpha Science International Ltd. Crooks, V., Turner, L., Snyder, J., Johnston, R. and Kingsbury, P. (2011). Promoting medical tourism to India: Messages, images, and the marketing of international patient travel.Social Science Medicine, 72(5), pp.726-732. Debata, B., Patnaik, B., Mahapatra, S. and Sreekumar, N. (2011). Development of an instrument for measuring service quality of medical tourism in India.IJICBM, 4(6), p.589. Gyu Ko, T. (2011). Medical Tourism System Model.International Journal of Tourism Sciences, 11(1), pp.17-51. Hall, C. (2011).Fieldwork in tourism. London: Routledge. K.S. VIJAYANAMBI, K. and Dr.R.KANNAN, D. (2011). Recent Trends in Medical Tourism in India.IJAR, 4(5), pp.619-621. Kaur, M. (2012). Medical Tourism in India.PARIPEX, 3(1), pp.64-66. Love, K. (2012).Ethics in social research. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. Novikov, A. and Novikov, D. (2013).Research methodology. Leiden, Netherlands: CRC Press/Balkema. R. Natarajan, P. (2011). Innovative Strategies For Enhancing the Image of India in Medical Tourism.IJAR, 4(6), pp.1-3. Rudra, P. (2011).Impacts of medical and wellness tourism centers on the communities around them. Solomon, H. (2011). Affective journeys: the emotional structuring of medical tourism in India.Anthropology Medicine, 18(1), pp.105-118. Srivastava, R. (2011).State of healthcare in India. New Delhi: DPS Pub. House. Supino, P. and Borer, J. (2012).Principles of research methodology. New York, NY: Springer.

Problems in Implementing a New Project

The Five Fundamental Types of Editing and Which One Is Right for You

The Five Fundamental Types of Editing and Which One Is Right for You So, the hard part is over- youve written a manuscript or paper and youre now ready to move forward on the next step, which is working with an editor toward getting it published.However, a quick online search of the scope of editors and editing services offered is enough to overwhelm even the calmest of writers. Looking through freelance profiles or online agencies, youll come across various terms for services provided, including developmental editing, line editing, copyediting, proofreading, and manuscript critiquing.Which do you choose? How is one different than the other? Do you need a copyeditor and a line editor, or will one suffice? You likely have a lot of questions about the scope of editing services available, so in this article, we will break it down for you to help clear up any confusion you might have. Well discuss what each type of editing service is to help you narrow your search, specifically what professional skills are needed to perform that service, and at what stage s in the writing process you might need each.Developmental editingThink of a developmental editor as your mentor and guide for a particular manuscript. In the publishing industry, a developmental editor would assist authors from the early stages of the manuscript submission process, before a line editor, copyeditor, or proofreader even sees a word thats written.In publishing houses, the developmental editor is sometimes simply known as the editor-in-chief or associate editor. Many published books will go through a round of developmental editing (where significant parts of the manuscript are changed) and in some cases, a writer might work with a developmental editor at the planning stages of a manuscript that is yet to be written.A developmental editor would focus on issues, such as:The structure of your bookWhether your book will be marketable, and if not, how to make it marketableAny gaps in plot or characterizationAn unclear audience or lack of engagement with audienceMajor change s that need to be made regarding pacing, dialogue, or plotWhen working with a developmental editor, its important to keep an open mind and receive all feedback graciously. A developmental editor is not there to tear apart your writing (although it might seem like it at times) or make you feel incompetent as an author. He or she is there to help make your book a success and has a birds-eye view of the publishing industry and genre that you wont have in most cases.Line editingA line edit will generally occur before a copyedit is done and is meant to address the writing style and overall effectiveness of the content of the work. In other words, it is not the line editors task to find the grammar, punctuation, spelling or syntax errors of the copy, although he or she might do this to a certain extent.Mostly, a line editor would be responsible for pointing out any of the following in your writing:Problems with the emotion or tone of your writingClichà ©s or broad generalizations youve u sedProblems with your word choice or repetitive wordingRedundant or extraneous wordsRun-on sentencesFaulty transitions (or a lack of transitions)Off-topic digressionsDialogue that does not flow well or is hard to follow/readShifts in tense or point of viewPoor word choice, bland writing, or an unengaging toneDetails that need to be added for clarification for the readerAs you can see, line editing involves looking at the content to consider its overall effectiveness. For example, a line editor for a doctoral dissertation would look at the big picture and determine the usefulness of the study, how well the author has reviewed the literature related to the topic, and whether enough details are included for a convincing argument. A line editor would also point out if there are any confusing parts that are difficult to read or understand, or if there are any glaring errors in verb tense and word choice throughout.CopyeditingCopyediting is a type of editing that focuses on the technical issues of the copy. The best equipped copyeditor is one who has excellent command of English language rules, including grammar, punctuation, capitalization, spelling, syntax, citation formats and more. Included in a copyedit should be:Corrections to spelling, grammar, punctuation, and syntax. This includes corrections between British and American spellings of words, depending on the audience. For example, a copyeditor would be responsible for changing the punctuation and/or spelling if an author using British English rules publishes in an American publication.Changes to ensure consistency in spelling, punctuation, numerals, fonts, spacing and capitalization. For example, a copyeditor would catch when five is spelled out in one section of the work but written as the numeral 5 in another. He or she would then make the necessary adjustments to ensure consistency throughout the entire manuscript or paper.Notes on false or questionable information such as incorrect quotes, dates, or clai ms. This is especially important in the publishing world, where false information could lead to defamation lawsuits or a loss of reputation for the publication.Notes on the effectiveness or macro-level issues of the copy, including consistency in details of characters, places, etc.A thorough understanding and check of the formatting style required (Chicago, APA, MLA, etc.). A copyeditor should be well-versed in the rules related to the style and be able to correct any formatting, citation or punctuation errors within the copy that dont follow it.Analysis of any legal issues that might result from publication of the work, such as plagiarism or defamation lawsuits.In the various stages of the editing process, a copyedit would come after a line edit. In publishing circles, a copyeditor is usually the last person to see the copy before it goes to print.ProofreadingIn the stages of editing for publication, proofreading would be what occurs after the publication or manuscript has been pri nted once to obtain the proof. After given this proof, a proofreader would examine it to make sure that it includes everything in the original copy and make note of anything that is missing.A proofreader would then look at the proof to make sure the page numbers are correctly formatted and numbered, as well as ensure there are no incorrectly spaced line breaks or paragraphs. This includes checking to make sure each paragraph is set apart from the rest and that lines do not overlap each other or go off the printed page.As with other specific types of editing, a proofreaders job might overlap with the copywriter or line editor. However, his or her primary responsibility in the publishing world would be to examine the official proof before the final print run.Manuscript critiquing and/or book doctoringManuscript critiquing or book doctoring is when an editor reads your manuscript and provides a comprehensive assessment of it. Obviously, editors who offer this service should have extens ive experience in the industry to provide valuable critique that would greatly increase an authors chance of being published. That critique might include aspects of the manuscript such as:Character development. Have your characters been developed well enough? Does your reader connect with them?Pacing. Is the pacing too fast or too slow? Could improvements be made in pacing to make the story easier to follow or understand?Dialogue. Do your characters have believable dialogue that adds dimension to them? Is the dialogue formatted correctly and is it readable?Potential holes in the story or problems with the plot. Are there missing pieces to the puzzle in your plot that might annoy readers if they are left out of the story? Are there leaps of faith in the plot that might not make sense to a large portion of readers?Its important to know that this type of editing will likely not include line editing or copyediting, unless those are specially offered as part of a package deal. Rather, an editor offering a manuscript critique will use his or her experience in the industry to give you an honest outlook on what your manuscript has to offer and what it is lacking from the point of view of traditional publishing houses and current trends in the industry.A final wordJust as editing services offered will vary, so will the professional experience of editors. Thats why its important to choose an editor who has extensive experience in the industry or field for which you are writing, and can give informed, quality feedback to help you in your publishing efforts. For example, an editor might have an impressive resume in academic research and publishing but not know much at all about publishing in a magazine. Since the world of academic writing is vastly different than that of magazine writing, an editor specializing in one will not be the best informed concerning trends and expectations in the industry of the other.

Film Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Film - Assignment Example The movie is all about the spiritual and social conflicts of two families with regards to an interracial wedding. As part of the engagement, a common dinner comprising the family members of both Joanna and John (protagonists) takes place at Joanna’s home. The dinner eventually turns to stage an emotional drama as the parents express their opinions about the controversial issue around the marriage. In the progress of the plot, there is vivid demonstration of ethical and social implications of the issue of the protagonist being a colored man. The social perspective of the marriage would suggest that a nuptial relationship with the member of a discriminated race would bring shame to the white community. However, Matt Drayton’s dialogue after the evaluation of ethical challenges and with his preference for spiritual tranquility to esteem, he gives his consent and blesses his daughter and John, â€Å"The only thing that matters is what they feel and how much they feel, for each other. And if it’s half of what we felt-that’s everything† (Kramer, â€Å"Guess Who’s Coming†) shows a counter balancing effect of an existing perception of the society about the apparent intolerance of the whites about interracial marriages. The dinner makes a point by setting a place to analyze the competency of the suitor in the presence of senior members of John’s family and a priest as guests at Joanna’s home. Of course, the film makes a series of rhetorical questions to the educated American society about its position with regards to racism. The theme of the movie exhibits the splints of emotional moments as metaphorical expressions of feelings against racism. Johns says, â€Å"Dad, but you think of yourself as a colored man. I think of myself as a man.† (Kramer, â€Å"Guess Who’s Coming†). His decision to marry Joanna only with her parents’ consent is also an insignia of a black man’s unchallenged dignity as a

Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Proposal - Essay Example It will involve making employees appreciate each other and understand the importance of facing one another to solve their problems. Instead of blaming one another, they would be expected to speak openly to one another and air their grievances. The management is going to be given the mandate to make decisions on behalf of the junior employees in order for the employees to work towards one goal. This is because letting every person decide on which actions to take within the organization would bring inconsistency and disorganization. The new organizational structure would lay down procedures for shifting an employee from one department to another, and not just being told to report to another department because of a minor mistake they conducted in the roles they were employed to discharge. Additionally, the organization should strive to motivate its employees. This is going to be conducted by giving them promotions when they deserve, offering them bonuses and allowances for additional jo b done or any work that is exemplarily executed. Improving the conflict within the organization is estimated to run for six months. This timing is reasonable since it caters for any unseen development. The project can commence after a week of your approval of this proposal, so long as it is by mid-January. 1. Advisory: Serving as an adviser to the organization entails meeting with the team responsible for solving the conflict problem within the organization. The roles in this interaction include drawing up plans to be implemented, coming up with ideas to solve the conflicts, as well as facilitating the entire process. We will meet constantly, and I may also be accessed by email or phone should it deem necessary. This involvement would last for the first ninety days of the project. 2. Consultative: Apart from discharging all the duties in the first option, I would work in tandem with the selected

Linear programming model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Linear programming model - Essay Example These points represent the maximum and minimum values for each situation when they are injected into the equation that needs to be optimized. The total range of solutions lies within the bound region alone. 2. Discuss the importance of inventory control with respect to supply and demand. Inventory control is critical to any business for a number of reasons but majorly because it affects operating costs and output production levels directly. For any business it is essential to keep an optimized level of the inventory such that things are available when needed but are not overstocked or under stocked. In case that inventory items are overstocked the business is pushing its finances into warehouses that could have been used elsewhere while if items are under stocked there is the possibility that business operations will be negatively affected. In order to optimize the supply demand requirements of an organization inventory control is essential. 3. What benefit can tools such as ABC anal ysis and just-in-time controls provide for an organization? ABC analysis allows a set of selective inventory controls to be placed in order to optimize inventory levels. ... On the other hand the JIT inventory control philosophy tends to source materials just before they are required for operation. This ensures a healthy supply and demand cycle such that large warehousing efforts are not required while a constant and adequate supply of parts is available just when required. The lack of large warehousing and the absence of large inventories reduce the overall operational costs significantly. 4. How can an enterprise resource planning system assist a firm with improving its business operations? The purpose behind an ERP system is to integrate the aspects of internal and external information management. The aspects of communication throughout the entire organization are integrated into one platform so that manufacturing, retailing, finance, sales and service etc. all communicate together and are well aware of each other’s demands. These channels of internal communication are superimposed by external channels of communication though the external chann els may not be as large in number and may not necessarily interact with all the internal channels. The utilization of a pervasive ERP system provides all members of the organization with an overall outlook of demands and constraints that ought to be met for business operations to proceed as planned. The constraints put in place by communication are resolved through the use of effective ERP systems and this in turn tends to improve upon the overall business environment of the organization. 5. What benefit would be gained by utilizing linear programming (LP) for marketing research? Linear programming is about optimizing any set of problems using input in the form of equations and inequalities derived from word problems. Real world marketing problems are composed of word problems and

Effective Language Learning Strategies From Cambodian Teachers

Effective Language Learning Strategies From Cambodian Teachers After the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) era, Cambodia has been struggling to participate in the international community where English is used as a lingua franca (Clayton, 2007). Due to this trend, more and more Cambodian learners have paid more attention to the study of English. The emergence of English has become even more prosperous after the country was admitted into the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 1999 (Clayton, 2007). Nevertheless, a number of Cambodian EFL learners have failed to be proficient in the language although having spent a lot of years learning the language. The reason lying behind the failure can be the ignorance of effective language learning strategies or a mismatch between the learning strategies frequently used by the students and the teaching strategies thought to be effective, by teachers, in teaching the language (Chamot, 2004; Felder Henriques, 1995; Fewell, 2010). Based on Bull and Ma (2001), students may not be aware of the strategies they have used or are using in order to enhance their comprehension, retain information in their memory, or recall what they have learnt. As Chamot and OMalley (1990) claimed that learners are unique and naturally possess different learning styles, the unawareness may lead to the inappropriate use of the learning strategies available (Oxford, 2003). Besides the learning styles defined by Oxford (2003) as a general approach or behaviour used by learners to acquire the language-auditory or visual style , other variables such as the learner characteristics, culture and context, etc. also wield influence on the utilization of the strategies (Chamot, 2004). For instance, learners who live in a culture that values individual competition may prefer the strategies allowing them to work alone to other strategies calling for cooperation and collaboration. In addition to this, the context also plays an important role in de ciding the utilzation of the learning strategies. For example, a study conducted by Edonomo and Secomo (2007) in Turkey showed that learners tended to use social strategies to learn the language in a naturalistic context but cognitive and metacognitive strategies in a tutored-setting context. However, the awareness of the strategies, to Felder Henriques (1995), is not yet the solution to the failure if the teaching strategies the teachers believe to be helpful in aquiring the language are mismatched with the learning strategies taken for granted by the learners. Djigunovic (2001) indicated that using inappropiate teaching strategies which are not favoured by the learners may not be able to motivate them to learn the language well. Similarly, Griffiths and Parr (2001) discovered in their study made in New Zealand that there was an almost complete difference in perception of learning strategies between students and teachers. Due to the aforementioned points, I am unsure if the unawar eness of the language learning strategies and the diverse perspertives on the language learning strategies also take place in the Cambodian EFL context. So far, a number of studies have been done to provide ground to the issue of language learning strategies. Bull and Ma (2001) conducted a study to draw students attention to the language learning strategies they have used to learn the language. In the same regard, the identification of the strategies, using SILL (Strategy Inventory for Language Learning) designed by Oxford (1990), is also made by various researchers specialized in the field of study (Chamot, 2004; Edonomo Secomo, 2007; Embi, Mahamod, Teh, Yusoff, 2009; Fewell, 2010). Moreover, the interelationship between the utilization of the language learning strategies and student motivation has also been explored (Djigunovic, 2001). Embi, Mahamod, Teh, and Yusoff (2009) even looked at the correlation between gender and the strategies frequently used. At the same time, some researchers are interested in exploring whether there is a mismatch between students perspectives and teachers perspectives on the effective language learni ng strategies used to learn the language and the unfortunate potential consequences of the mismatch (Chamot, 2004; Felder Henriques, 1995; Griffiths Parr, 2001). Though there are quite a number of studies in the field of language learning strategies, few of them have been conducted in the Cambodian EFL context. The identification of the language learning strategies frequently used by Cambodian EFL students in the classroom learning environment and the comparison between Cambodian EFL teachers perspectives and students perspectives on the subject in focus have not yet been studied together. The lack of the study more or less contributes to the poor academic performance of the Cambodian EFL learners excepting other variables. I believe that when the perspectives of the two groups (teachers and students) are determined, we will be able to help the students learn the language more effectively so that they will not waste their time, financial resoures, and mental effort. Additionally, the understanding of the covert perceptions will give the language teachers ideas on how to use appropriate teaching strategies which are matched with the students learning strategies in the right learning context. Besides, the Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports (MoEYS) may take the findings into consideration and implement relevant policies which can enhance the English learning environment in Cambodia. Based on the aforesaid significance, this present study aims at identifying the language learning strategies frequently used by the Cambodian EFL learners to deal with different types of language tasks and exploring the effective language learning strategies in the Cambodian EFL context from the perspective of lecturers and students at the Institute of Foreign Languages (IFL), Phnom Penh. Thus, the research questions required to answer are: What are the effective language learning strategies frequently used by IFL students to handle various language tasks? What are the language learning strategies regarded as effective by IFL lecturers? Annotated Bibliography Bull, S., Ma, Y. (2001). Raising learner awareness of language learning strategies. Interactive Learning Environments , 9 (2), 171-200. Bull and Ma have brought the issue of language learning strategies which are closely related to my research topic into focus. In their study, they reviewed a variety of both learning styles and strategies. Difference between learning styles and strategies were also clearly made. Through the questionnaire (SILL-Strategy Inventory for Language Learning) administered to non-native learners of English who also have high level of English proficiency, findings which revealed the learning strategies already used by students and the ones recommended to them should be made aware of in order that the problem of a mismatch between students learning styles and teachers teaching styles can be avoided. Therefore, I would say that this journal article would cover a lot of ground on my research topic. Chamot, A. U. (2004). Issues in language learning strategy research and teaching. Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching , 1 (1), 14-26. This is a collective secondary source discussing how issues in language learning strategies affect the performance of students and teachers of foreign languages. Chamot makes a profound study into several issues pertaining to language learning strategies including the identification of students learning strategies, the classification of identified strategies, the interrelationship between the strategies and learner characteristics, the influence of culture and context, etc. This descriptive research further points out that knowing students learning strategies is of vital importance to teachers who attempt to help students become more successful language learners. Moreover, the paper also discusses the impact of culture and learning environment on the utilization of the strategies. These two main focuses are exactly what I am concentrating on in my research; therefore, more or less, I will be able to benefit from this descriptive study. Chamot, A. U., OMalley, J. M. (1990). Learning strategies in second language acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Chamot and OMalley write this book in an attempt to describe what language learning strategies are, how they help learners enhance comprehension and retain information in their memory, how they are learned, and why they influence the learning outcome. Furthermore, various theories regarding learning strategies in second language acquisition are also explained. More or less, these theoretical explanations will provide ground to my study. Djigunovic, J. M. (2001). Are language learning strategies motivationspeicific? : language learning strategies and motivation. Orbis Linguarum , 18, 125-138. In the study conducted in Croatia, Djigunovic put emphasis on the relationship between language learning strategies and learning motivation. Three separate studies were made at different learning institutions, and a large sample of participants, aged from 13 to 21, were given two sets of questionnaire to complete. One is SILL used to check the strategies used by students, and another one is the motivation questionnaire. The result showed that student motivation correlated significantly with all the strategies frequently used. The more motivated the learners were, the more frequently they used the learning strategies. However, the findings also revealed that the learning motivation decreased according to the learner age. The youngest learners were found to have the strongest connection between the motivation and strategies used. Though my study does not focus on the learning motivation, it will gain advantage from this study as well since motivation is what every learner needs in orde r to succeed in learning the language, and I do believe that the identification of the strategies which are able to motivate students to learn well will be of great benefit to my study. Edonomo, D. V., Secomo, Y. D. (2007). Foreign language learning strategy choice: naturalistic versus instructed language acquisition. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education , 3 (1), 4-11. In Turkey, a study conducted by Edonomo and Secomo to discover how different learning contexts-naturalistic and instructed language acquisition, with their different specific demands, affect language learning strategy preferences and frequency of use was investigated. In the study, 25 international students who were studying English at Bogazici University in Istanbul were selected. At the same time, they also had to study Turkish in order to survive in the country. Due to the fact that these international students were studying English in a formal setting (Instructed language acquisition) and Turkish in a non-formal setting (Naturalistic language acquisition), the researchers were interested in the language learning strategies frequently used by the students in the two different contexts. As a result, we could see that the students tend to use social and compensation strategies to learn Turkish in the outside classroom learning environment while metacognitive, cognitive, and compensa tion strategies are preferred to learn English in the classroom learning environment. Although, this study primarily focuses on the language learning strategies used in different learning contexts, it is somehow related to my proposed study which deals with the perspectives of students and teachers on the effective language learning strategies used in the classroom learning environment. To a certain extent, it also provides background information to my research study. Embi, M. A., Mahamod, Z., Teh, K. S., Yusoff, N. M. (2009). A closer look at gender and Arabic language learning strategy use. European Journal of Social Sciences , 9 (3), 399-407. There are many research studies done to investigate the correlation between language learning strategies and proficiency level or motivation. Differently, this study was conducted to find out the relationship between gender and strategies use in learning Arabic language. The researchers collected data, using SILL questionnaire, from a total of 457 students who were studying Arabic language in Malaysia. The result of the study was in accord with some studies done previously which showed that female students tended to use language learning strategies, especially affective and metaphysic strategies, more often than male students. This significant difference will give me an idea to determine the strategies frequently used by female Cambodian learners and the ones often used by male Cambodian learners. Fewell, N. (2010). Language learning strategies and English language proficiency: an investigation of Japanese EFL university students. TESOL Journal , 2, 159-174. In this study, Fewell attempted to investigate the correlation between English proficiency level and the correct utilization of language learning strategies on Japanese first year students. Other variables excepting learning strategies which may affect students proficiency level were carefully determined and excluded from the study, although the attempt was hard to achieve. In order to determine the impact of the utilization of learning strategies on the proficiency level, the researcher used SILL to unfold the strategies used by the top 25% of English proficient learners and the bottom 25% of English proficient learners. Unexpectedly, the analyzed result was contrary to the results of most studies showing the correlation between increased English proficiency and increased language learning strategy utilization. Due to the finding, I realize that this study is absolutely fascinating, and what really fascinates me is the underlying factors interfering the findings. Felder, R. M., Henriques, E. R. (1995). Learning and teaching styles in foreign and second language education. Foreign Language Annals , 28 (1), 21-31. The content of this descriptive study includes many findings I am looking for. The researchers purposefully raise the learning strategies particularly suitable for second and foreign language acquisition. Moreover, the authors discuss certain learning styles favored by the teaching styles of most language teachers. It is written in the paper that the unawareness of students learning styles and teachers teaching styles can lead to the unfortunate mismatch which can result in several negative consequences including boredom of learning, demotivation, poor academic performance, etc. This study, though not a field study, represents a valuable collective source of information on the issues in language learning strategies and, obviously, will become a fundamental reference to my study. Griffiths, C., Parr, J. M. (2001). Language learning strategies: theory and perception. ELT Journal , 55 (3), 247-254. This easily understandable article is closely related to my study. If looking at the research questions, Griffiths and Parr aim at discovering the most frequently used language learning strategies adopted by the contemporary language learners who are speakers of other languages and the teachers perception of the language learning strategies used by their students. To get the result, a large sample of 569 students who are non-native speakers of English in New Zealand were selected to fill the SILL and 30 experienced teachers were invited to complete ILLS (Inventory of Language Learning Strategies) questionnaires. The result of the study was quite interesting because there was a mismatch between students and teachers perspectives on using the strategies to learn the target language. Based on the students perception, social strategies are the most commonly used and memory strategies are the least; however, the teachers believe that their students use memory strategies the most and affec tive strategies the least. The difference in perception between the students and teachers really interests me, and I think this study can be a good model for my present study as it also provides useful information on the relation between changing language teaching and learning theories and the language learning strategies which go alongside. Oxford, R. L. (2003). Language learning styles and strategies: an overview. In Learning styles and strategies (pp. 1-25). GALA. In this chapter, Oxford mainly discusses the distinction between learning styles and strategies in depth. Extended definitions of the key terms are provided. This chapter of the book is fundamental to my study since detailed description of each style or strategy is given one by one, and there is also a part discussing the implications for L2 teaching. The author clearly indicates that harmony between students style and strategy preferences and a combination of instructional methodology and materials is the essence of helping students perform well in their L2 learning.

Policies Affecting Indigenous Australians Essay -- Aboriginal, Australi

Indigenous Australians have faced many changes to their original life style, with numerous policies being brought in. These policies had an incredible affect on how the indigenous Australians lived. The policies inflicted on the indigenous Australians varied widely and had numerous impacts. The policies of assimilation, protection and integration had mainly negative impacts on the community, causing loss of identity, language and religion. The policies of self-determination and reconciliation, had mostly positive effects to the indigenous Australian community, creating a stronger bond between black and white Australians, encouraging the concept of closing the gap between indigenous Australians and non-indigenous Australians. These policies had an incredible influence on the indigenous Australians life, changing many ways they lived. The policies changed the path of history for all Australians. The protection policy the first policy and had serious affects on the aboriginals of Australia. Violence against aboriginal people had been at a high rate, the white Australians felt it their duty to protect the aboriginals, the policy aimed to separate aboriginals from white Australians. They were removed and put into government reserves and church missions, where they were forced to become Christians. The aim of the policy and missions was to eradicate all aboriginals’ languages, religions and spirituality, In 1883 a protection board was set up to run the missions. The missions and camps had a paternalistic approach, treating the aboriginals the way a parent would treat a small child. The impact from this policy was horrific, with the mission being similar to a prison. Aboriginals lost their independence and became extremely reliant o... ... community and live along side white Australians, while other aboriginals happily moved in to the community and came to live a more civilised life. The next policy brought in was the policy of self determination this, was very welcomed by the aboriginal community, as it gave the aboriginals back some of their rights. As the relationship between non-indigenous Australians and indigenous Australians improved, there was a high demand for reconciliation. With many opinions including why the people of today should say sorry for the past Australians injustices. The affects from reconciliation were caused by the controversial approach; there have been numerous speeches, activities and ‘sorry days’. The affects from all the policies varied greatly, due to the differences in the policies. The affects caused change the path of history and have gotten us where we are today.

America in the 60’s: A Personal Account of a Hippie

The sixties was a tumultuous decade.   America went into a war that has lost the support and commitment of the American people.   My interviewee was a college student then and he claimed that he had learned more in the streets than in the four walls of the classroom.While American soldiers were fighting the Vietcong in order to liberate South Vietnam, they at home were fighting the government to bring home the American soldiers.   According to him, â€Å"our soldiers were just being slaughtered in the battle for nothing. He believed that it was not a war that America should fight.While people gather around together in rallies and movements, there was a diversity of causes people fight for. While my interviewee was particularly concerned against the Vietnam War, his interactions with other activists led him to realize other important social ills that needed to be addressed.He learned about the civil rights movement and feminist movement. The former were basically black people f ighting against racial discrimination and seeking for equal rights particularly the right to suffrage.   The latter on the other hand, were fighting against women’s rights.   But in many cases, they assemble and joined together to stage a mass movement.The rallies sometimes end up violent with the police committing brutality in dispersing the activists. But joining rallies were like a fad.   It was fun, adventurous and liberating. In fact, the violence that occur form part of the thrill of joining rallies.   Accordingly, many of those who joined were not really into the causes of the movements but were there for kicks.   Rebellion seemed part of the youth culture of the sixties in order to be hip.One of the most unforgettable experiences my interviewee had was his attendance to the most well known musical event that practically defined the 60’s, the Woodstock festival in 1969 billed as a three day celebration of music, peace and love (Schomp, p65).According t o him, over half a million people participated in the festival.   As a dedicated activist, the Woodstock was really a united protest action against the Vietnam War but the media just sensationalized the nudity, drugs, and sex committed by the hippies in the event.In my short interview with this acquaintance of mine, the events in the 1960’s seemed closely interlaced with each other and everything seemed to happen simultaneously unlike in the textbook where history is presented like separate and isolated events.The 1960’s was indeed turbulent and riotous per my personal evaluation of my history book and as admitted by my interviewee himself.   However, the book wasn’t able to capture the enjoyment and the ventures that people experienced during that time.My interviewer commented that the sixties was indeed a time of serious transition in the American political sphere, but it wasn’t that dull, boring and uptight serious as written in the pages of a book .   The youth was daring yet were still having the time of their lives.Work Cited:Schomp, Virginia. The Vietnam War. 2nd edition. Marshall Cavendish, 2001, pp64-66   

Search for My tongue and Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan Essay Example

Search for My tongue and Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan Essay Example Search for My tongue and Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan Essay Search for My tongue and Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan Essay Essay Topic: Poetry This essay is comparing two cultural poems, both written by people who have been taken from their home culture, to another one, which is different. The poems-Search for My tongue and Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan- are similar in some ways, but different in others. This essay will compare the two cultures, and the similarities and differences. Moniza Alvi wrote Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan. She was born in Pakistan in 1954 but was moved to England when she was a young child. As Moniza grew up in England she was separated from her origins and never felt entirely at home. This is shown in the poem half-English When Moniza revisited Pakistan she felt very English her cultural background was affecting her more than she realised. I feel that Moniza wrote the poem to show others how different it is to change cultures, to half belong to one and half belong to another culture. She mentions in a BBC interview her poem is autobiographical and reflects her growing up. At the start of the poem there is a strong sense of image, which helps to build up a feeling of adoration and beauty. We first see the idea of culture of culture in this poem in the clothing from Pakistan, which shows a rich sense of colour and beauty. When these clothes are later compared to with the cardigans from Marks and Spencers it is easy to see how one culture appears to splash out with colour in the various items of clothing, like the Salwar Kameez (loose trousers and a tunic, woven and worn traditionally by women). In the first stanza (verse) the beautiful clothing and strong visual continue but this beauty also has a dangerous side -the bangles she receives snap and cut her giving a slight sense of confusion which builds up slowly throughout the poem, coming back at stages. In stanza two it is obvious that the clothing is not what she wants. She feels that it doesnt suit her, that it is gorgeous but also too exotic alien in the sitting room line 17, suggesting that she prefers a more dull type of clothing, as shown in the second part of the stanza. I longed for denim and corduroy line 20-21 shows that her British clothing is what she prefers. The Pakistani clothing sets her aflame and she cant rise out of its fire. This part of the poem describes her and the clothing like a phoenix. She then describes herself as half-English. This may suggest that she feels that she doesnt fit in, she has no home. However, in stanza three there are some things that she likes about Pakistan, the camel skin lamp (Although this may not be from Pakistan it has more exotic qualities than English ones). She admires the transformation of camel to lampshade and the colour produce by it. Her mothers jewellery is described to make it look beautiful and precious. It almost seems inevitable that it will be stolen, as it shows a sense of danger, as do some of the other items from Pakistan, like the bangles. The items in the wardrobe give a good image of the differences between the two cultures. The dull, plain wardrobe and the dull, plain English clothing are completely opposite from the vibrant, bright Pakistani clothing, which stands out immensely. Her school friends are unimpressed with her clothing and want to see her weekend clothes. This shows a major cultural difference between her and her friends. She, However, admires the clothes and the mirror work. The poem moves into a flashback of her early childhood, as she is moving to England. She is left alone in her grandmothers dining room, suggesting that even in her early life she is isolated and separated from everyone else. In the poem, Moniza portrays a bad image of her homeland. The pictures that she has are from the time of her youth, though they are not described in the poem, show where she was born. They are different from the newspaper reports she reads later in her life when Lahore is a war torn country, a fractured land. She has pictures of Lahore in her mind; expectations of her country should be like to her. The environment she pictures shows a sexist environment, where the women and the men are separated. In the final stanza, we see that Moniza is isolated, left with the beggars and the sweeper girls, of no fixed nationality. It seems that wherever she goes, there is no sense of home, no place that she can belong to. All throughout the poem, there is a strong sense of wanting to belong, but in no way being able to belong, a sense of disappointment and regret. Search for my Tongue was written by Sujata Bhatt. She was born in India in 1956. Her family moved to America, where she was educated, and she now lives in Germany. The poem was first printed in her book, entitled Brunizem, in 1988 (The word Brunizem is a soil, a dark prairie soil which is found in Asia, Europe and North America This may reflect on the fact that she has lived in these areas. ) Search for my Tongue can be split into three parts. The first part is the lines 1 to 16, the second part is the Gujerati (lines 17 to 30) and the last part is lines 31 to 38. The first part of the poem describes how she has lost her tongue or her language. She describes two tongues in the poem, the mother tongue and the foreign tongue. The mother tongue is in reference to her original language, Gujerati and the foreign tongue is her new language, English (At the time the poem was written, Sujata as living in America). The lines You could not use them both together even if you thought that way show that even if you commonly use both languages, one can still dominate and possibly destroy the other one, leaving you with only one tongue. In the second half of the first part of the poem, we can tell that the mother tongue has gone rotten and died, causing the person to spit it out. However, the seed of the tongue is still in the person and comes back to her when she dreams. This part of the poem reflects some of the ideas bought forward by Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan. Both of the poems show a sense of cultural loss, one that is hard to regain. The Gujerati in section two is there for two reasons. One is to isolate the people who cannot speak Gujerati. Although the text can be read without this section, it helps to build up a sense of atmosphere in the poem. The other reason for the Gujerati to be there is that it shows the impact of the dream. It interrupts the poem, like a dream would interrupt, showing that the comeback is sudden, and cannot be controlled. Section three is an extended metaphor, a reflection of what section two is. The language is described as a plant, which has died, but left a seed for a new plant to grow, whilst another plant has taken its place. The first plan t grows from this a takes its place back from the other plant, and strengthens itself grows strong veins as time goes on. This is a way of succouring itself against the foreign tongue. The image the poem gives of both the plants is a very different one. The foreign tongue is given the image of a weed, one which has choked and held back the mother tongue, which is given a more beautiful image of blossoming. There are many similarities and differences between the poems. The ideas of culture are strong in each one, both contributing to the ideal culture of the writers, one which everyone is welcome and can speak the same way, without feeling isolated. Both the poets have been taken from their original, home cultures and thrown into a harsh society to them, one that prevents them from fully finding themselves. Both the poems have strong imagery, which is vivid. An example of this is the phoenix reference of rising from the ashes to be reborn, something both writers either wish to experience or have experienced. The main differences between the poems is the fact that in Search for my Tongue the person recovers their culture, whilst the other person in Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan loses their culture. I feel that Search for my Tongue is a more metaphorical poem, a dream-like one which discusses the aspects of a lost language, a major part in any culture. I feel that it has more influence than Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan as this is more literal and I dont fell has the depth of Search for my Tongue. The culture in both of the poems has shown how moving from one country to another can have a major impact on peoples lives and can affect them in a way which they do not understand or want.

hello my beel essays

hello my beel essays William Faulkner ¡s  ¡A Rose for Emily ¡ has been interpreted in many different ways. Most of these rely solely on hints found within the story. I believe that his life can also help one analyze this story. By knowing that Faulkner ¡s strongest influence was his independent mother, one can guess that Miss Emily Grierson ¡s character was based partly on Maud Falkner. William Cuthbert Faulkner was born in New Albany, Mississippi on September 25, 1897. His family moved to Oxford, Mississippi when Faulkner was five years old (Larinde). His parents were Murry and Maud Falkner (Zane 2). Faulkner added the  ¡u ¡ to his last name on his Royal Air Force application for unknown reasons (5). Faulkner ¡s great-grandfather, Colonel William C. Falkner had moved from Tennessee to the Mississippi Delta in 1841. The Colonel was a Civil War hero, plantation owner, railroad builder, and even a writer (Larinde). Faulkner ¡s grandfather and father were both respected, though not wealthy. They were also both alcoholics. Faulkner and his father never had a very good relationship. He and his mother, though, were very close. Maud gave him his love of art and literature. She influenced Faulkner more than anyone else with her strong independence (Zane 3-4). She may have been the inspiration for the strong, independent character, Emily Grierson.  ¡William Faulkner was a quiet but mischievous child, polite and rude, loving and withdrawn ¡ (4). He did well in grade school, but began showing signs of truancy during adolescence. Faulkner dropped out of high school in eleventh grade. In 1918, Faulkner attempted to enlist in the U.S. Army but was turned down. He then applied to the Royal Air Force where he adds the  ¡u ¡ to his last name. He was soon discharged and returned to Oxford, Mississippi. Here he attended the university for two year.  ¡In the decade that followed, Faulkner donned a host of other identities, alter...

Feasibility of the Iphone Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Feasibility of the Iphone - Case Study Example This study on the phone and its markets and marketing strategies, aims to understand just that. In order to understand the above, it is important to thoroughly understand the previous launch of iPhone in the US and how the marketing strategies there transformed into sales. It is then pertinent to answer the question on how the launch in UK affected the mobile phone market. Customer behaviour and levels of customer acceptance of the product are also researched and studied here. Finally the important concepts of marketing that have pushed or prevented sales of the iphone have been covered. The proposal concludes with suggestions. Market condition and customer behaviour: The mobile phone market in US is growing and in the third quarter of 2007, sales were seen to reach 38million units, an increase of 13% from the previous quarter. As per the NPD group, the increase of sales was noted at 47% as compared to last year. Among various smartphones, iPhone reportedly sold approximately 525,000 phones (BBC News, 2007) within the first week of sales as per the Los Angles times. Market reviews later revealed that while the phone lived up to its hyped image of providing many attractions in one package, it performed poorly in functioning as a basic phone. Dissatisfaction with other factors like battery life, camera performance and inability to play flash or Java were also reported. Competition: The market statistics as per NPD were for third quarter as under, Companies Selling brands Market share Motorola Motorola RAZR V3, Motorola RAZR V3m, Motorola MOTOKRZR K1m, Motorola V323i/V325i 31% LG LG VX8300, LG Chocolate VX8550/8500, LG VX5300 17% Samsung Samsung SGH-A707 16% Nokia 11% Sanyo Sanyo Katana II 4% Market condition and customer behaviour in UK: The iPhone was launched in Europe during the end of the year in a 3G version, supposedly after its poor performance in US markets as a phone. Statistics1 here reveal that 77% users do not use data services like picture and video messaging. Customer reviews for the iPhone have been both positive and negative. Competition: European markets are dominated by Nokia, Motorola, Samsung and Sony. Apple and its Iphone As per Steve Jobs, iPhone has scope to become the third main business for Apple after its iPod and Mac computer. The organization states that by the end of 2008, Apple hopes to sell ten million phones, and grab one percent share of the mobile phone market (Jobs, 2007). The iPhone combines in it a mobile phone and an iPod. With a wide screen and virtual keyboard, it has a new user interface. The instrument thus allows users to enjoy multimedia applications, Internet and much more content through its interface. The quad band phone uses GSM standards and comes with international capabilities. Literature overview Buzz marketing or word of mouth is ten times more effective than print or TV2 and more important today than anytime in the past (Hughes, 2004). As per Regis McKenna, 'Word of mouth is probably the

Discussion Board 2-1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Discussion Board 2-1 - Assignment Example There are particular advantages and disadvantages of insisting on presence of the entire family in the initial consultation. According to Nichols (2013), one of the advantages of insisting on presence of the entire family in the initial consultation relates to the fact that such meetings can provide a counselor with preliminary information and facts concerning the nature of the family relationship. Counselors can use the preliminary information gathered to understand the depth of the problem and perhaps develop hypothesis as to the likely cause(s) of the problem experienced. This is usually possible when all members find an opportunity to talk and share their views about the nature of family relationship. With such a hypothesis, a therapist is able to estimate period within which to accomplish therapy. Insisting on presence of entire family in initial consultation, can also enable a therapist learn emotions of individual members and strategize proper techniques to reinforce proper behaviors during actual therapy to ensure effective treatment process. The main disadvantage of insisting on presence of all members of a family in the initial consultation relates fact that such meetings are likely to cause anxiety (Nichols, 2013). When a family is in disagreement and conflict, sitting the members together is likely to result to escalation of emotions and quarrels especially when individual members are defensive and only values their own views. Such occurrences are likely to lead to anxiety and even withdrawal of member(s) who feel

Unhealthy Americans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Unhealthy Americans - Essay Example Culture is a bearer of traditions and customs which make the base for the every country. American culture is very interesting because it includes the pieces of the cultures of other countries: everything concerning food, traditions and way of life was brought form the countries of Europe and Southern America. Nowadays all this is combined into one special American culture which determines the way of life of Americans. American culture is known throughout the world and everybody knows the main features of this culture. Now American culture is in the process of occupying the world: American food and way of life are very popular now. Though Americans are very concerned about the result of their unhealthy way of life and their unhealthy food. Nowadays the most important problem of the American people is the problem of weight. It is the most dangerous and progressing problem. People in America gain weight because chief food and immovable way of life. At least two thirds of adult people in America are considered to be stout, or even worse suffer from obesity. The annual sum for treating the diseases which were caused by obesity is more than a hundred million. Now more and more people recognize the problem and the great money are spent for special diet foods, physical exercises, restaurants have the range of dishes with reduced calories. The second problem is the immovable way of life. There level of economical and technological development of the country is very high and the average citizen can have a car to drive. That is why the everyday life does not require walking or some other physical efforts. Along with the problems of obesity and immovable way of life there are some unhealthy problems which exist in every countries of the world. Such problems are drugs, smoking and alcohol drinking. It is a sad fact that mostly it is popular among the young people. So it is a risk that the new generation will have many serious diseases. Especially this problem

Asia Essay Example for Free

Asia Essay 1. Which internal and external factors have helped Reliance group to grow into its current position? Reliance group is an example of a well-managed company that has been able to take advantage of interior competitive advantage possibilities as well as exterior ones. On one hand, Reliance started out with Dhirubai Ambani by borrowing money from the Indian government, shifting towards textiles made out of synthetic plastic fibers and receiving benefits from government incentives and political connections at its origin and middle life cycle. Reliance responded perfectly to the world leading industries at the time and acted as a pioneer in introducing them in the Indian market. As the world’s leading industry shifted from a high demand for plastics and textiles derived from plastics to petrochemicals and fuel production, the Reliance group did likewise by building petrochemical plants in India and tried to make the maximum profit out of what India had to offer to the world and itself at the time and had not been developed to its maximum potential yet. On the other hand, government played a key role in Reliance success as it enabled the company to export worldwide and grow in domestically by reducing quotas and tariffs as well as taxes on the raw materials needed for manufacturing. 2. In which aspects has the management of Reliance group been typical for Indian management? In which aspects has it been atypical? Most of the aspects of the management of the Reliance group can be easily related to the way companies are managed in India. Reliance group is a family run company that depends gravely on the relationship between the siblings that own the company, all siblings had the father and founder as the center of the company and once he passed away the company was divided amongst the brothers and sisters. Another typical Indian attribute is the diversification of the operations of the company, Ranging from petrochemical to eatable products or telecommunications. Each brother took care of a different sector and the gender role with a tendency towards masculinity and seniority was also seen when the company was divided giving the oldest of the brothers 70% of the market share of the company, 20% to the younger brother and only 5% to each one of the sisters. What was very atypical was the monochromic way the company has been run, however it can easily be explained due to the fact that they need to replicate the way the international monochromic market works that emulates the way US firms work. 3. Do you think Reliance Group has to transform its fundamentally to remain successful in the future? Yes, I do believe that Reliance group should find of way of not having to depend on the fluctuations of the global market as much as it does, Thus preventing the company from ever being as impacted as it was by the recent global crisis. I believe they should expand domestically as a way of having a â€Å"safe space† in case there is another crisis in the future and perhaps try to grow deeper ties with other Asian countries like Japan or China that did not suffer from the crisis at the scale that western economies did and that are geographically closer from India than many other western countries.

Life Is Difficult :: essays research papers

Feburary 24th, 2004 two days beffore my first draft is due. For my personal essay. I've chose number 3 for my question but how do i answer...so many people I look up to and so many lessons learned. Walked in the door of my Grandmother's house, it was cold you could feel the chill go down your spine and the goose bumps forming on your arms. My mom had dropped me off. It had only been five mintues and i already missed her. Do I miss her cause she's the only one on my side that knows how I am feeling or is it because she's going away for vacation? Well my mom is gone she had planned for my uncle Dave to pick me up for the next two weeks aand my god mother would pick me up the two following weeks after. But there was a misunderstanding with my aunt obviously. She had asked me who was going to drive me for the first two days of school. She has told me my mother said Dave was, so of course I told her that Dave was. My grandmother had decided for us to call Dave and make sure what was going on. I was like whatever I dont mind because theirs nothing wrong with making sure. Time had passed, dinner had been served. Me and my aunt had already been on bad terms since I was young. Anyways lets get back to what i was saying. Nine o' clock has hit just doing what I have to do in my room by myself. It got closwer and closer...time. The later it got the worse things would get. I could feel it in my heart something bad was going to happend to me. Bump bump bump..BOOM! Someone swings my door open. Already i knew somethings wrong. By the teffifying look on her face. Then she apporached me in a hoarse tone of voice saying "Go to bed". I said to her in a very calm voice and said "Welll its only nine thirty and i dont go to bed until ten thirty". The voice got even more demanding "As long your in this house you sleep at nine thirty". I had said nothing, afarid I would make things worse. She asked has my mother left on the plane yet. I said "No I had jus got of the phone with her".

What Is the Distinction Between Equal Opportunities and Managing Diversity? How Is It Possible to Justify Either in an Organisation?

What is the distinction between equal opportunities and managing diversity? How is it possible to justify either in an organisation? What are the distinctions between equal opportunities and managing diversity? Equal opportunity ensures that all personnel decisions that relate to recruitment, pay and promotion are only based on an individual’s capability to do their job well. Equal Opportunities: The term used to describe ‘policies and practices that tackle inequalities, aiming to ensure that all staff are treated fairly, and that service users do not experience discrimination’Equal opportunity is concerned with keeping within the law; all organisations are required by law not to discriminate an individual by reasons of their colour, marital status, disability, gender, race, nationality or ethnic or national origins. At the very least organisations should abide by the; Equal Pay Act 1970, Sex Discrimination Act 1975, Race Relations Act 1976 and the Disability Discrimination Act 1995. Diversity however is a more wide-ranging approach to equal opportunity. Diversity focuses on valuing the varying of qualities that employees bring to their job and organisation. Managing diversity therefore is when a manager creates an environment where the employees feel valued for their individual talents and where the employee’s skills and competencies are fully utilised. Taking advantage of all employees’ full potential will benefit the organisation in many ways; such as it will encourage employees to work to the best of their ability and a wide range of experience, creativity and ideas will be brought to the organisation. Managing diversity can be defined as ‘a planned, systematic and comprehensive managerial process for creating an organisational environment in which all employees can contribute to the strategic and competitive advantage of the organisation, and where no one is excluded on the basis of factors unrelated to production. ’ Equal opportunities within the workforce have many advantages; everyone is treated fairly and without prejudice, removing barriers which impact more harshly on individuals of reasons such as gender, disability, and race, focusing on an individuals abilities rather then who they are. Furthermore the concept of equal opportunities also has its disadvantages; positions such as nurses are mostly seen as a ‘women’s job’ therefore a patient might not be comfortable with having a male nurse and a job that requires heavy lifting is seen as a male position therefore a male is more likely to be recruited. If two candidates both have the qualifications needed for the job description, managers may feel that they should recruit the candidate who fits the equal opportunity policies rather then the candidate who they feel is more suitable to cope better with the dedication that the job requires. Diversity within the workforce has many advantages. These advantages include; a greater access to a wider range of individual strengths, experiences and perspectives, a greater understanding of the diverse groups of potential and existing customers represented within the workforce, better communication with these diverse groups of potential and existing customers and an improved legitimacy and organisational image across a wider audience. Diversity within the workforce also has disadvantages as well as advantages. Some of the disadvantages include; an increase in conflict among the workforce as differences in opinion makes it more difficult to agree on solutions, poorer internal communication because levels of knowledge and comprehension differ between employees, an increase in the management costs that arise from dealing with potential conflict and communication problems. Valuing diversity means that organisations recognise that all individuals have complex identities made up of many strands. These can include, but are not limited to, gender, ethnicity, age, sexual orientation physical and mental aptitudes, nationality, socio-economic status, and religious, political or other beliefs. This means we embrace and celebrate our differences in a positive environment, and are committed to engage with the needs of our diverse staff and users to enable us, both individually and corporately, to achieve our aims. From 1971 to 2001 the rate of female participation in the workplace had increased from 56. % to 72%. This increase is due to equal opportunities; all organisations are required by law not to discriminate an individual by their gender, both men and women are equal. The Sex Discrimination Act meant that both men and women are to be treated equally in the recruitment and selection process therefore resulting to an increase of female participation in the workplace which then resulted to a decrease in male participation rate, now at 84% (Equal Opportunities Review). However equal opportunity is not yet completely equal; for instance pay differentials between men and women have only narrowed down a little since initial improvement after implementation of Equal Pay Act 1970, women still earn 18% less. Racial and ethnic groups’ rate of unemployment is still more compared to white population. Also disabled peoples’ rate of employment is 53% compared to 84% for non disabled. Age discrimination often occurs; both being too young and being too old is discriminated against. Coded language in a job description is used to identify the age range in which they managers are looking for. Managers tend to see young applicants as less worthy and less capable of fulfilling the job position. Managers also see old applicants as unreliable and they are not regarded as long term workers so they are less likely to hire an older applicant. Not all discrimination however is direct discrimination. Indirect discrimination can occur; this is when a requirement is applied equally but it affects one group more negatively then the others. Managers are faced with a number of problems when it comes to equal opportunities and diversity. Firstly they are faced with the problem of how to ensure fairness; it is not always possible to comply with the rules, for instance where a job requires heavy lifting it is more practical to seek a male worker as they are known to be the psychically stronger sex however this is not always the case. Another question managers need to face is should they ignore the differences and treat people equally or acknowledge differences and treat people differently? Everyone is an individual and therefore their differences should be taken into account when a manager makes a decision; for instance an employer has to make reasonable adjustments in respect of a disabled employee. Equality and diversity is vital for both the employees and the success of the organisation. Managers have a moral obligation to treat all individual with the same fairness and equality. It is important for managers to make their decisions without prejudice and stereotype. However it could be argued that a manager’s aim is increase profit not morality. Equality and diversity is also important to the success of a business. Equality and diversity would lead to a positive company image; therefore attracting customers and creating customer loyalty. However it is difficult to find a meaningful measure of equality and diversity. How is it possible to justify equal opportunities and managing diversity in an organisation? Tesco is an example of an organisation that tries to provide diversity for all individuals, no matter their differences. For example Tesco has devoted itself to providing more employment opportunities to disabled people by signing agreements with disability employment providers Remploy and the Shaw Trust. This has lead to 400 disabled people getting recruited. â€Å"The local community is very important to Tesco and these vital agreements ensure we help local disabled people to find employment† announced Claire Peters, head of resources. Another example is that Tesco tries to extend its workforce’s working knowledge of religions operating in the UK. Tesco issues employees with religious toolkits to improve their knowledge and understanding of all religions and their corresponding festivals, daily routines and eating habits. Tesco also provide mangers with a support pack at Ramadan which help them understand how to support staff and customers better during this time of fasting for Muslims. ‘Everyone is welcome’ is the name given to Tesco’s diversity work and it is driven by the value ‘look after our staff so they can look after our customers. Everyone is welcome trains managers so that they will feel more confident in encouraging talent from more under represented groups. Tesco takes part in national benchmarking surveys, giving them an independent assessment of how they perform under each area of diversity. This year they were awarded Gold standard in the Opportunity Now benchmarking survey and they were also recognised as an Age Positive Employer Champion by the Department of Work and Pensions. They ha ve recently completed the Employer's Forum on Disability Survey and the Stonewall Diversity Champions Index. In addition another organisation that aims to provide diversity within the workforce is Toys R Us. Toys â€Å"R† Us is a major retailer of toys and children's merchandise and has stores spread across the world. To ensure the employees are comfortable with discussing differences, Toys R Us chose to begin their workforce diversity with one day of LIFO training. LIFO training has gone beyond the successful, turnover-reducing diversity program to take an important part in the management development curriculum and in training line managers to facilitate performance improvement with store personnel. The workforce diversity program aims to encourage employees to discuss their differences and to ensure they feel comfortable and to provide a great source of insight. It is aimed to enable their participants to open up and share with each other their own styles and how their styles had helped or hindered them in the business setting. Including LIFO training in the diversity workforce program has enabled Toys R Us to achieve a number of key program goals and it has helped participants identify behaviours they want to change and what will motivate them to change. In conclusion the distinction between equal opportunities and managing diversity is; equal opportunities are policies that tackle inequality such as race and gender whereas managing diversity focuses on the varying of qualities whereby managers create an environment where the employees feel valued for their individual talents. The equity and diversity policies are designed to develop equal opportunities policies, provide training, review recruitment, selection, promotion and training procedures, consider the organisations image, set an action plan and draw up a clear and reasonable job criteria. References: Managing diversity (Online) Available at: http://www. ncvo-vol. org. uk/askncvo/index. asp? id=178 Accessed on 23/4/08 Tesco diversity (Online) Available at: http://www. tescocorporate. com/page. aspx? pointerid=7CA5D7226B6E40808B3FFC797B2443D7 Accessed on: 24/4/08 Diversity and equal opportunities (Online) Available at: http://www. nationalarchives. gov. uk/jobs/equalopportunities. htm Accessed on: 25/4/08 Toys R Us (Online) Available at: http://www. bcon-lifo. com/doc_library/ToysRUs_turnover. htm Accessed on: 25/4/08